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JAMA is a weekly primary science, peer-reviewed medical journal published 48 times per year. JAMA publishes original high quality, high impact clinical and research articles on a diverse range of medical topics.
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- ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION: Ginkgo biloba for Prevention of Dementia: A Randomized Controlled TrialNovember 17
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Context Ginkgo biloba is widely used for its potential effects on memory and cognition. To date, adequately powered clinical trials testing the effect of G biloba on dementia incidence are lacking.
Objective To determine effectiveness of G biloba vs placebo in reducing the incidence of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD) in elderly individuals with normal cognition and those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Design, Setting, and Participants Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted in 5 academic medical centers in the United States between 2000 and 2008 with a median follow-up of 6.1 years. Three thousand sixty-nine community volunteers aged 75 years or older with normal cognition (n = 2587) or MCI (n = 482) at study entry were assessed every 6 months for incident dementia.
Intervention Twice-daily dose of 120-mg extract of G biloba (n = 1545) or placebo (n = 1524).
Main Outcome Measures Incident dementia and AD determined by expert panel consensus.
Results Five hundred twenty-three individuals developed dementia (246 receiving placebo and 277 receiving G biloba) with 92% of the dementia cases classified as possible or probable AD, or AD with evidence of vascular disease of the brain. Rates of dropout and loss to follow-up were low (6.3%), and the adverse effect profiles were similar for both groups.
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